1945 born into Calcutta’s English-speaking minority. 1951-65 studied piano and music theory. 1957 first compositions. 1962-65 studied natural sciences in Calcutta. 1966-68 active as pianist, conductor, music theory teacher. 1968-73 studied composition and electronic music in Cologne. 1971 first use of a computer as a compositional aid. 1982-1994 taught computer music at the Darmstadt Summer Courses. 1984-2005 lecturer on computer music at Cologne Music University. 1990-94 artistic director of the Institute of Sonology The Hague. 1994-2006 professor of composition and sonology in The Hague. Since 2006 Corwin professor and head of composition at the Music Department, University of California in Santa Barbara.